Portugal
This medieval castle incubated a village inside its walls for centuries, until being outgrown and forgotten.
Built in the 13th century as part of Sancho I’s plan to repopulate and protect Portugal following the eviction of the Moors, this ancient castle was part fortification, and part city. In its heyday, the castle in Montemor-o-Novo was an impressive citadel inhabited by nobles and monarchs, and is where Vasco da Gama finalized the plans for his trip to India. As the city grew, the palace eventually fell out of use, and by the 16th century it began its long decline. Today visitors can explore the castle’s remains, including the gates to the city, and portions of the walls. A number of towers still survive, including a tall guard tower strangely known as the “Tower of the Bad Hour”.
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